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What is Amenorrhea?

Amenorrhea is a condition characterised by the absence of menstrual cycle in a woman. The condition is usually diagnosed when a woman misses her three period cycles. It can happen for different reasons, like pregnancy, stress, or health problems. There are two types: primary amenorrhea, where a girl hasn't started her period by age 16, and secondary amenorrhea, where a woman who has had regular periods stops getting them for 3 months or more.

Causes of Amenorrhea

Amenorrhea can be caused by a variety of factors, ranging from lifestyle changes to medical conditions. Understanding these causes is important for diagnosing and treating the MEDICAL condition effectively.

Primary Amenorrhea Causes

Hormonal Imbalance: It is the most common cause of Primary Amenorrhea. There can be many reasons which may cause hormonal imbalances such as thyroid disorders, polycystic ovary syndrome and pituitary tumors etc.
Genetic Disorders: Turner syndrome is one of the reasons for causing Primary Amenorrhea.
Anatomical abnormalities: Certain problems with the reproductive organs such as an underdeveloped cervix, uterus or vagina may lead to Primary Amenorrhea.

Secondary Amenorrhea causes

Hormonal Imbalance: The conditions such as PCOS, hypothyroidism or hyperthyroidism and elevated prolactin levels can change the hormonal levels which are necessary for menstruation.
Menopause: The occurrence of premature menopause can also result in Secondary Amenorrhea. Menopause generally occurs in older women ( above 40 years).
Stress: The hypothalamus of the brain regulates the menstrual cycles. It can be affected by high levels of emotional stress which may cause irregular periods in women.
Medications: The use of certain medicines such as hormonal contraceptives, chemotherapy drugs and antipsychotics can affect the menstrual cycle which may lead to Secondary Amenorrhea.
Chronic illness: Certain medical conditions such as diabetes, autoimmune disorders and celiac diseases can significantly affect the menstrual health of a woman which may cause Secondary Amenorrhea.

Symptoms of Amenorrhea

The most common symptom of Amenorrhea is the absence of menstrual periods. Apart from that there are several other symptoms that one can notice which are as follows: