Arthritis is one of the long-term conditions defined as an ‘inflammation of the tissue covering the joint (synovium) leading to a swelling, stiffness and pain’. It is a condition that influences movement and, indeed, makes it very hard to perform normal routines. Several types of arthritis exist, with each being categorised based on the underlying factors and the impact it causes. Although all ages can be afflicted with arthritis, older adults are more likely to experience it.
The most common type of arthritis, which is also often referred to as “wear and tear” arthritis. The cause here is also the wear-down of the cartilage within the joints, which acts as a cushion for the bones. Coupled with elements surrounding the joints, the point leads two bones to grow painfully against each other. This condition is prevalent in the weight-bearing joints like the knees, hips, and spine regions and may extend to the knees.
Rheumatoid arthritis is an autoimmune disease that results in inflammation of the synovial membrane, causing painful and swollen joints and later leading to erosion of the bones surrounding the joints and deformation of the joints. This disease affects the smaller joints, such as the hands and feet, but larger joints may also be affected. RA is said to be a systemic disease because it can also involve other regions apart from the joints, such as the lungs and heart.
This type is seen in people with psoriasis which is a skin disorder that shows in the form of red scaly patches. In psoriatic arthritis, which affects both the joints and the sites where tendinous ligaments are inserted into the bone (costochondral), it occurs in the degeneration of joints and associated structures. This causes a painful and clammy sensation in the hands and feet from the wrists and ankles that cause immobilisation.
Gouty arthritis is an inflammatory condition of the joints which is constituted by sudden attacks of inflammation, pain and tenderness of the painful joint, starting from the big toe in most of cases. It results in crystal formation in the joints due to elevated uric acid levels in the blood. These are sharp and cause tenderness due to their presence within tissues, which causes inflammation.
An autoimmune condition, ankylosing spondylitis affects chiefly the lower back vertebra and the sacroiliac joint. This disease causes stiffness and pain in the lower back and neck, and in the long term, the bones of the spine may be fused together, increasing the curvature of the spine. Other organs, including the eye, can also be invaded by the disease.
Joint pain and tenderness
Stiffness, especially in the morning
Swelling and redness around the joints
Decreased range of motion
Fatigue and a general feeling of discomfort
In severe cases, deformities of the joints
In Ayurveda, arthritis is primarily associated with an imbalance in the Vata dosha. Vata governs movement, and when it is aggravated due to poor diet, irregular lifestyle, or stress, it leads to dryness, stiffness, and pain in the joints. Additionally, the accumulation of Ama (toxins) plays a significant role in triggering inflammation, blocking energy channels, and causing joint pain. Poor digestion and lack of detoxification allow Ama to build up, aggravating Vata and causing joint issues.
Other Factors can be:
If untreated, arthritis can lead to severe complications:
You should consult a doctor if:
Ayurvedic treatment focuses on addressing the root cause of arthritis by balancing the doshas and eliminating Ama (toxins) from the body. A comprehensive plan includes:
Ayurveda recommends herbs like Ashwagandha, Guggul, and Shallaki (Boswellia) to reduce inflammation and improve joint health.
A diet rich in anti-inflammatory foods is advised. This includes warming, cooked foods that pacify Vata, such as soups, stews, and spices like turmeric and ginger. Cold, raw, and processed foods should be avoided as they aggravate the condition.
Detoxification through Panchakarma is highly effective for arthritis. Therapies such as Virechana (purgation) and Basti (enema) are used to cleanse the body and rejuvenate the joints.
Yoga, meditation, and regular mild exercise help improve flexibility and reduce stiffness. Maintaining an active lifestyle and following a daily routine is crucial for managing symptoms.
Warm oil massages with medicated oils like Mahanarayan oil help reduce stiffness and improve joint lubrication, promoting better mobility.
Osteoarthritis is the most common form of arthritis, caused by wear and tear on the joints over time.
Diagnosis typically involves physical exams, blood tests, and imaging techniques like X-rays or MRIs to assess joint damage.
There is no cure for arthritis, but Ayurvedic treatments can manage symptoms and slow disease progression.
Yes, an anti-inflammatory diet rich in whole grains, vegetables, and healthy fats can help reduce symptoms.
Ashwagandha, Shallaki, and Guggul are commonly used in Ayurveda to reduce inflammation and pain.
Yes, light exercises like yoga, walking, and swimming are beneficial for maintaining joint mobility and reducing stiffness.
Avoid processed foods, cold and raw foods, and excessive intake of red meat and fried foods, which can worsen inflammation.
In severe cases, untreated arthritis can cause permanent joint damage, leading to disability.
Panchakarma detoxifies the body, balances doshas, and rejuvenates the joints, improving flexibility and reducing pain.
It is ideal to seek Ayurvedic treatment at the onset of symptoms to prevent further progression of the disease.
